According to 1 Corinthians 10:32, the Bible recognizes three distinct groups:

God’s covenant people under the Old Testament.
Much of the Old Testament is addressed specifically to Israel:
All nations outside Israel.
Many prophetic passages address Gentile nations directly:
Born on the Day of Pentecost, composed of Jews and Gentiles united in Christ.
New Testament epistles are primarily addressed to:
Understanding these distinctions is essential for proper doctrine.